The factors whilst evaluating whether or not to purchase a ruby are based on what are typically refereed to as the Four C's: Carat, Clarity, Color, and Cut.

Carat
The carat of a ruby is often mentioned when talking with reference to the size of the gem; it is a measure of the weight of various gemstones. Gemstones are measured to the nearest hundredth of a carat. The carat is generally denoted by the abbreviation “ct”, and one carat is equivalent to 200 milligrams. When purchasing a ruby, you will buy based on a per carat basis, therefore the more the carat of the ruby the more expensive it will be.

Clarity

Experts in gemstones call the distinctive characteristics inside a ruby Inclusions; these inclusions are used by experts to classify the type and price of the ruby. A ruby of decent quality will be transparent and there will be very little if any inclusions. Rubies with some marks or blemishes will be worth less in value than those that have no marks.

The numerous types of inclusions include scratches, pits, nicks and abrasions. And they even include needles, cracks, twinning, halos and silk.

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